Frequently Asked Questions.

A curated intelligence newsletter covering the business of attention.

Pull to Refresh curates the best reporting on the business of attention from some of the world’s sharpest journalists and publications. Each issue brings together the deals, acquisitions, money moves, stock swings, ownership shake-ups, distribution shifts and competitive pressures shaping profitability and long-term value across attention-driven industries.

Published every weekday at 09:00 GMT+1. Free to read.

Every issue follows one simple rule: fresh news first, useful context second.

On Tap brings you new developments from a stated reporting window, selected from the industries covered in that issue. If the week does not deliver enough stories worth your time, From the Cellar steps in with older reporting that helps explain how the market got here. No random digging, either. We move backward through clearly defined reporting windows.

The Wire wraps things up by tracking public companies connected to those industries and showing how investors are pricing attention, distribution, competition and future growth.

Every issue of Pull to Refresh is built on receipts. We use company filings, earnings calls, investor presentations, regulatory disclosures, industry reports and reporting from trusted publications around the world. No mystery sources, no unsupported hot takes. Just information you can check for yourself.

We help our readers, typically industry enthusiasts, professionals, founders, investors, executives, operators and many others, understand better the industries that depend on attention as one connected business system by providing a central reporting view of the business of attention without requiring them to monitor dozens of separate sources themselves.

Pull to Refresh focuses on 139 industries whose success depends on acquiring, holding or monetising attention.

These are the industries we currently cover on a daily basis:

Monday: Platforms, Feeds & Social Discovery
28 industries

This is where attention gets found, ranked, shared and occasionally doomscrolled into oblivion. The common thread is discovery: the platforms, formats and communities deciding what people encounter next.

Social Media Networks, Microblogging Platforms, Short-Form Video Apps, Algorithmic Discovery Feeds, Artificial Intelligence Companies (Attention economy related perspectives), Algorithmic Content Distribution, Curation companies, Live Video Streaming, VTubing, IRL Vlogging Networks, Conversational Distribution Platforms, Social Discovery Frameworks, Meme Aggregators, Viral Imageboards, Decentralized Internet Culture Forums, Content Curation Platforms, Algorithmic Feeds, Smart News Aggregators, Anonymous Audio Rooms, Drop-In Audio Social Networks, Synchronous Voice Hubs, Mobile Dating Networks, Swiping Applications, Voice-Assisted Entertainment Services, ASMR Content Channels, Sensory Audio/Video Formats, Niche Relaxation Media, Generative AI Creation Platforms (Text, Image, Video, Music Synthesis).

Tuesday: Streaming, Publishing & Audio
28 industries

The content factory gets Tuesday. These industries turn journalism, stories, music, video and live rights into subscriptions, advertising revenue and recurring audience habits.

Streaming Video on Demand (SVOD), Over-the-Top (OTT) Platforms, Advertising-Based Video on Demand (AVOD), Free Ad-Supported Streaming TV (FAST), Music Streaming Services, Digital Service Providers (DSPs), Algorithmic Radios, Podcasting Networks, Independent Audio Hosting, Audiobooks, Audio-Dramas, Digital Journalism, Legacy News Applications, Premium Paywall Media, Independent Newsletters, Blogging Networks, Solopreneur Publishing Infrastructures, Webtoons, Digital Comics, Manga Aggregators, Graphic Novel Apps, Online Fan Fiction, Web Novels, Serialized Fiction Platforms, Interactive Books, Subscription Libraries, Premium Live Sports Broadcasting, Pay-Per-View (PPV), Regional Sports Networks, Pro-Gaming Broadcasts.

Wednesday: Gaming, Immersive Worlds & Digital Art
28 industries

On Wednesday, attention stops being merely watched and starts being played, inhabited and collected. This group covers the places where entertainment, identity, participation and digital ownership collide.

AAA PC, Console Video Game Ecosystems, Live-Service Hubs, Casual, Hyper-Casual, Gamified Mobile Applications, Cloud Gaming, Interactive Game Streaming, Esports Leagues, Competitive Tournaments, Virtual Reality (VR) Environments, Spatial Computing, Social VR Worlds, Augmented Reality (AR) Filter Networks, Geospatial Layers, Smart-Glasses Software, Digital Art Marketplaces, NFT Exchanges, Generative Crypto-Art Networks, Physical Contemporary Galleries, High-Stakes Art Fairs, Secondary Market Auctions, Immersive Art Exhibitions, Interactive Digital Installations, Experiential Spaces, Virtual Real Estate Markets, Metaverse Assets, 3D Proprietary Environment Trading, Gamified Collectible Universes.

Thursday: Advertising, Creator Economy & Commerce
28 industries

This is where attention clocks in and starts making money. Thursday follows the infrastructure connecting audiences with advertisers, creators, products and transactions across digital and physical surfaces.

Influencer Marketing Agencies, Brand-Matching Networks, Creator Economy FinTech, Programmatic Advertising Exchanges, Supply-Side (SSP) & Demand-Side (DSP), AdTech Platforms, Retail Media Networks, In-App Native Commerce Ad Placements, Sponsored Search, Creator Patronage Frameworks, Crowdfunding Ecosystems, Tiered Fan Club Memberships, Livestream E-commerce Shopping, Interactive Home Shopping Networks, Video Retail, Hype-Driven Sneaker/Streetwear Drop Apps, Resale Marketplaces, Limited Collectible Systems, Digital Trading Cards, Virtual Sports Memorabilia, Digital Out-of-Home (DOOH) Interactive Billboards, Smart Transit Advertising Screens, Commuter Media Screens, Smart Vehicle Infotainment Systems, In-Car Content Ecosystems, Smart Home Ambient Displays, Screen-Based IoT Media, Voice-UI Portals.

Friday: Habit, Utility & High-Intent Attention
27 industries

These businesses do not just want a glance. They want a routine, a workout, a wager, a trade, a lesson or a captive half-hour at 30,000 feet. The shared currency is attention tied closely to action.

Fantasy Sports Leagues, Real-Time Micro-Betting Apps, Digital Sports Fan Communities, Gamified EdTech, Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), Micro-Learning Software, Language Learning Applications, Interactive Educational Software, Connected Fitness Hardware, Interactive Gym Networks, Streaming Workout Platforms, Mental Wellness, Meditation, Mindfulness Audio, Ambient Sleep Applications, Day Trading, Social Copy Trading, Gamified Retail Brokerage Software, Digital Casinos, Online Gambling Platforms, Video Slot Systems, In-Flight Entertainment Networks, Hospitality Media Portals, Captive Audience Networks, Gamified Personal Productivity Systems, Task Trackers, Focus Modification Software.

This structure gives the newsletter a weekly rhythm:

Our primary target audience includes:

Investors, Founders, Operators, Corporate strategists, Researchers, Consultants, Policymakers, Journalists, Media Executives, Platform Product Managers, Business Development Professionals, Venture Capitalists & Private Equity Investors, Commercial Strategists, Chief Marketing Officers (CMOs), AdTech Operators & Media Buyers, Audience Development Specialists, Digital Creators & Media Solopreneurs, Talent Managers & Agents, Sports Business Executives & Rights Holders, Entertainment & Intellectual Property Attorneys, Market Analysts & Industry Researchers, Growth Marketers & Traffic Acquisition Managers, MBA & Graduate Business Students, Media Studies & Digital Culture Undergraduates, Economics & Market Valuation Majors, Journalism & Mass Communications Students, Data Science & Algorithmic Analytics Students, Marketing, Branding & Consumer Behavior Students, Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) & UX Research Students, Entertainment Business & Sports Management Students, Cultural Policy & Creative Economy Graduate Students, PhD Candidates & Academic Researchers in Media Economics, Computer Science Majors specializing in AdTech & Recommendation Engines.

In developed markets, the attention economy is getting crowded. Streaming platforms, publishers, gaming companies, social networks, advertisers and creator businesses are all fighting for the same eyeballs, dollars and distribution.

Pull to Refresh helps you make sense of the noise. Every weekday, we curate the stories showing where attention is moving, who is gaining ground and why it matters.

In emerging markets, the attention economy is still being built. New platforms, payment systems, media habits and business models are taking shape, often under very different conditions from those in developed markets.

Pull to Refresh gives readers a weekday look at how attention-driven businesses around the world are growing, competing and making money. The goal is not to copy what works elsewhere, but to understand the playbook, spot what could travel and see where local markets may create something better.

Not right now. As the newsletter grows, we’ll begin exploring opportunities to work with companies and investors where there’s a clear fit.

The simplest way to support Pull to Refresh is to subscribe, read and share the newsletter with others who may find it valuable.

You can reach us at: contactpulltorefresh@gmail.com

You can fill out this quick survey here . Our team reviews reader feedback daily.

Not yet. Time-zone based delivery is not currently supported by our email platform. We are exploring the best way to make it work, and once we have a reliable solution, we’ll let you know.

The Wire is our market-intelligence section. Each edition tracks publicly listed companies connected to the attention-driven industries covered in that day’s issue, using stock moves as signals for how investors are pricing attention, distribution, competition and future growth.

Pull to Refresh is not affiliated with, sponsored by or endorsed by Google, Google Finance, any third-party market-data provider or any company featured in The Wire.

For now, yes. A large share of the world’s most visible publicly traded attention businesses are listed in the US, including companies across media, entertainment, gaming, advertising, AI, streaming, platforms, retail and digital commerce.

That gives The Wire one consistent market to follow and makes it easier to compare how investors are pricing growth, competition, distribution and future demand across the industries covered in each day’s issue.

Other markets may join the watchlist over time. For now, the priority is keeping The Wire focused, comparable and genuinely useful.

No. The Wire tracks what stocks are doing and explains what those moves may reveal about attention-driven industries. It does not recommend buying, selling or holding any security.

Markets are unpredictable, and a stock move is a signal, not an instruction. Always do your own research and consider speaking with a qualified financial adviser before making an investment decision.

Yes. Pull to Refresh has a Discord community where readers can compare notes, share stories and keep the conversation going between issues.

Click the Newsletter button on the website to visit our archive, where you can browse every previous edition of Pull to Refresh.

Scroll to the bottom of any Pull to Refresh email and click the unsubscribe link. No hard feelings.

Not just yet. Once we reach 2,500 organic subscribers, we’ll begin exploring advertising and sponsorship opportunities through Beehiiv, where the newsletter is currently hosted.